The proposed introduction of a digital euro, a central bank digital currency (CBDC), has sparked intense debate regarding privacy and the potential for state surveillance . Critics argue that a digital currency could create comprehensive data trails of all financial transactions, thereby enabling unprecedented levels of government monitoring of citizens’ economic activities . Unlike cash, which offers a high degree of anonymity, a CBDC could, in theory, record the details of every payment, including the amount, the date, the location, and the parties involved . This has led to concerns that such a system could be misused for political purposes or lead to a fundamental erosion of personal autonomy and financial self-determination . Multiple petitions submitted to the European Parliament have explicitly called for the abandonment of the digital euro project, arguing it would violate fundamental rights enshrined in the EU Charter .